Baian Karimi; Mostafa Shahraiini
Abstract
Nietzsche's version of deconstructing the concept of the Subjectivism is based on the epistemological gap from classical and modern understandings of knowledge, truth, language and awareness. To reinterpret the human being as a being perpetually evolving within the web of physiological processes, he ...
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Nietzsche's version of deconstructing the concept of the Subjectivism is based on the epistemological gap from classical and modern understandings of knowledge, truth, language and awareness. To reinterpret the human being as a being perpetually evolving within the web of physiological processes, he presents a new framework in which tries to interpret and evaluate such phenomena as knowledge, truth, language and thought, again. Nietzsche's aim is setting aside knowledge and the will of absolute truth as its main drive, and instead, introducing another drive that employs knowledge as an instrument. For him, the discovery of truth is an illusion originated from focusing upon the two inseparable constituents of the Subject, to say, language and awareness. Instead of the ideal of knowledge and the discovery of truth, he places the concepts of interpretation and evaluation; the former determinates the meaning, usually particular, of the phenomenon, while the latter specifies the hierarchy of meanings with no bearing on their plurality. Our core question in the present paper is ‘how can Nietzsche deconstruct the concept of the Subject in spite of his breaking with its modern epistemological aspects’. And our main claim is that the deconstruction of the Subject can only be understood if we understand Nietzsche’s criticism of such concepts as truth, knowledge, language and awareness.
bayan karimi; hasan fathi
Volume 8, Issue 2 , Winter and Spring 2018, , Pages 135-154
Abstract
Plato and Hobbes are one of the most prominent political philosophers who have put emphasis on the necessity of the construction of the government. The superiority of the authoritative government and its features in their political philosophy arises from the states of their times and is based on the ...
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Plato and Hobbes are one of the most prominent political philosophers who have put emphasis on the necessity of the construction of the government. The superiority of the authoritative government and its features in their political philosophy arises from the states of their times and is based on the metaphysical foundation of their thoughts. Plato has considered an absolute scientific-ethical government as an ideal and practical government in order to finish the scientific-ethical anarchies. And Hobbes has proposed an absolute secure-political government in order to finish secure-political insecurities. Our main question in the paper is that: how have Plato and Hobbes established the authoritative government on the base of the features of their metaphysical system. The main claim of the paper is that Hobbes's attitudes about the human nature are reductive and pessimistic and Hobbes, unlike Plato, has not tried to present a good civil life for human beings. However Plato's philosophy is more humanistic because of educational ideals. And Plato prefers the government which regards its civilians not in a beast mood and lust and anger rank, but in a humanistic rank. That is to say, he wants to promote the human being to a virtue which is rational activity.
