GHolamali Soleimani
Abstract
End-of-history theory as an important idea of the last decade of the twentieth century spoke of the end of several centuries of ideological conflict. A conflict between various human ideologies that claimed the discovery of the rule of history. This conflict had been going on since the Enlightenment. ...
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End-of-history theory as an important idea of the last decade of the twentieth century spoke of the end of several centuries of ideological conflict. A conflict between various human ideologies that claimed the discovery of the rule of history. This conflict had been going on since the Enlightenment. Theoretical Philosophy or Speculative Philosophy of History as an "ontological" knowledge seeks to understand the existence of history, its evolution and the discovery of meanings hidden in the general trends and events of history. An ontological understanding helps us to discover the rule of history. Of course, if there is such a rule. In the philosophy of history, we are faced with three fundamental questions; the aim of history; Stimulus of history and stages of history. Despite the many theoretical controversies that have arisen since the end of Fukuyama's history and continue to exist, there has been no critical reflection on the main questions of the philosophy of history.. The purpose of this research is to think critically about Fukuyama's theory of the end of history from the perspective of philosophy of history. It seems that examining Fukuyama's idea from the perspective of the above three questions can seriously challenge many elements of Fukuyama's theory. Elements that stand together to defend the universalism of liberal democracy.
