Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Abstract

Along with composing the Iliad, the Odyssey, and the Works and Days, Homer and Hesiod did not only create everlasting works, but they rhymed such a mythical world from which Greek culture emerged and flourished. For this reason, Greeks did not consider their poets and especially these two poets as mere their artists but moreover, saw them as their mentors. Thus, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of their mythical world and its essential concepts in order to grasp the Greek culture in general and its literature and philosophy in particular. The purpose of this paper is to examine these concepts to clear that on what conception of relation between god and human, the Greek culture and thought was shaped.

Keywords

فاطمی، سعید (1374). اساطیر یونان و روم، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
مجتبایی، فتح‌الله (1352). شهر زیبای افلاطونی و شاهی‌ آرمانی در ایران باستان، تهران: انجمن فرهنگ ایران باستان.
 
Anderson, Michael J. (2005). ‘Myth’, in the A companion to Greek tragedy, Justina Gregory (ed.), Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Aristophanes (1927). The Peace, the Birds, the Frogs, trans. Benjamin Bickley Rogers, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Aristotle (1956). The Metaphysics, trans. H. Tredennick, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Burnet, John (1961). Greek Philosophy, London: Macmillan and Co, Ltd.
Cornford, Francis Macdonald (1912). From Religion to Philosophy, Princeton University Press.
Freeman, Kathleen (1970). God Man and State: Greek concepts, Greenwood Press.
Gigon, O. (1935). Untersuchungen zu Heraklit, Leipzig: Dieterich.
Graf, Fritz (2009). Apollo, Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
Guthrie, William Keith Chambers (1960). The Greek Philosophers from Tales to Aristotle, Harprer and Brothers.
Hesiod (2006). Theogony, Works and Days and Testimonia, trans. Glenn W. Most, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Hesiod (2006). Theogony, Works and Days and Testimonia, trans. Glenn W. Most, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Homer (1954a). The Iliad, trans. A. T. Murray, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Homer (1954b). The Odyssey, trans. A. T. Murray, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Husserl, Edmund (1970). ‘The Vienna Lecture’, in the Crisis if European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, North Western University Press.
Kirk, G. s. and J. E. Raven (1962). The Presocratic Philosophers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
March, Jenny (2001). Cassell’s Dictionary of Clsssical Mythology, Cassell and Co.
Morford, Mark and Lenardon Robert (2003). Classical mythology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Murray, Gilbert (1961). The Rise of the Greek Epic, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Onians, Richard Broxton (1951). The Origins of European Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Plato (1952a). Protagoras, trans. W. R. M. Lamb, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Plato (1952b). Laches, trans. W. R. M. Lamb, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.
Sacks, David (2005). Encyclopedia o f the ancient Greek World, Facts On File Inc.
Schadewaldt, Wolfgang (1978). Die Anfänge der Pilosophie bei den Griechen, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.
Stroud, Ronald and Levine Philip (1979). California Studies in Classical Antiquity, V. 10, University of California Press.
Thucydides (1956). History of the Peloponnesian War, trans. Charles Forster Smith, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.